A 46-year-old man armed with an assault rifle opened fire at a synagogue in Pittsburgh's Squirrel Hill neighborhood on Saturday morning, the Jewish Sabbath, killing 11 people and injuring four police officers, according to officials and law enforcement sources.
The suspect, Robert Bowers, traded gunfire with police and was shot several times. Bowers, who was in fair condition at a hospital, was charged late Saturday with 29 federal counts, including hate crimes and weapons offenses. It wasn't immediately known if Bowers has an attorney to speak on his behalf.
A circumcision celebration known as a bris was taking place at the Tree of Life synagogue in Squirrel Hill when gunfire erupted, congregants told MSNBC. Officials said the shooting, which officers responded to just before 10 a.m., is being investigated as a hate crime.
"Please know that justice in this case will be swift and it will be severe," Scott Brady, the chief federal prosecutor in western Pennsylvania, said at a news conference, characterizing the slaughter as a "terrible and unspeakable act of hate."
"Today, the nightmare has hit home in the city of Pittsburgh," said public safety director Wendell Hissrich, who described the "very horrific crime scene" as "one of the worst that I've seen."
No children were killed in the attack, officials said. There were six injuries, including the four male officers, three of whom were shot. The officers sustained serious but non-life-threatening injuries while the others were critically wounded, and they were all taken to area hospitals.
The Anti-Defamation League, which tracks anti-Semitism in the United States, said in a statement this "is likely the deadliest attack on the Jewish community in the history of the United States."
Authorities say that just before 10 a.m., Bower entered the large synagogue with an assault-style rifle and three handguns.
Witnesses said the gunman shouted anti-Semitic comments as he was being taken into custody.
The survivors included Daniel Leger, 70, a nurse and hospital chaplain who was in critical condition after undergoing surgery, his brother, Paul Leger, told the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Daniel Leger was scheduled to lead a service Saturday morning, he said.
This undated photo shows Robert Bowers, NBC News confirmed
Social media accounts under Bowers' name included anti-Semitic comments. Earlier Saturday, a post under his name made hateful comments about a Jewish-American organization that helps refugees, NBC News Pete Williams reported. Many other comments on the account also featured disparaging comments about Jews. The account also posted comments critical of President Donald Trump.
Officials said he was not known to law enforcement prior to the shooting.
Police departments across the country, from New York City to Los Angeles, said security was being increased at local synagogues in response to the attack.
Speaking at a previously scheduled event in Indiana, Trump decried the "wicked act of mass murder" as "pure evil." He thought about the "cruel hate and twisted malice that could cause a person to unleash such terrible violence" in a place of worship on a holy day. He said anti-Semitism "represents one of the ugliest and darkest features of human history. The vile hate-filled poison of anti-Semitism must be condemned and confronted."
Earlier, he speculated that the deadly violence would have been curbed if the building had had an armed guard.
With both the death toll and details of the synagogues security still to be disclosed, Trump said gun control “has little to do with it” but “if they had protection inside, the results would have been far better.”
When asked if all places of worship should be armed, Trump said that "it's certainly an option in this world."
Trump hosted a Make America Great Again rally Saturday night in Illinois where he said, "the evil anti-Semitic attack is an assault on all of us."
The president — who, at times, has been accused by critics of failing to adequately condemn hate, such as when he blamed "both sides" for the violence at a Charlottesville, Virginia, white supremacist rally in 2017 — said that anti-Semitism must be "confronted and condemned everywhere it rears it very ugly head." He called for the imposition of the death penalty for "crimes like this."
Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Wolf, on the scene with Pennsylvania Sen. Bob Casey, described the incident "an absolute tragedy," saying, "These senseless acts of violence are not who we are as Americans."
He called for action to "prevent these tragedies in the future" and said, "Dangerous weapons are putting our citizens in harms way." He later ordered flags in Pennsylvania to be flown at half-staff.
'Multiple Casualties in Shooting at Pittsburgh Synagogue
One man who spoke to WPXI said his father-in-law was inside the Tree of Life synagogue at the time. He called the incident "unbelievable" and said "people have to stop hating."
The tree-lined residential neighborhood of Squirrel Hill, about 10 minutes from downtown Pittsburgh, is the hub of Pittsburghs Jewish community. More than a quarter of the Jewish households in the Pittsburgh area are in Squirrel Hill, according to a Brandeis University study of the Greater Pittsburgh Jewish community.
More than 80 percent of Squirrel Hill residents said they had some concern or were very concerned about the rise of anti-Semitism, the study said. And many also said they experienced incidents of anti-Semitism in the past year, including insults, stereotypes, physical threats and attacks.
The ADL warned earlier this year that 2017 saw the largest single-year increase on record of anti-Semitic incidents, a spike of 57 percent from the previous year. The 1,986 incidents included physical assaults, vandalism and attacks on Jewish institutions.
And a Friday report from the ADL said that far-right extremists have ramped up an intimidating wave of anti-Semitic harassment against Jewish people ahead of next month's U.S. midterm elections. Posts were sometimes orchestrated by leaders of neo-Nazi or white nationalist groups.
“We are devastated,” ADL Director and CEO Jonathan Greenblatt said Saturday on Twitter. “Jews targeted on Shabbat morning at synagogue, a holy place of worship, is unconscionable. Our hearts break for the victims, their families, and the entire Jewish community.”
PHOTOS: Fatal Shooting at Pittsburgh Synagogue
In 2010, Tree of Life Congregation — founded more than 150 years ago — merged with Or LSimcha to form Tree of Life*Or LSimcha.
The synagogue is a fortress-like concrete building, its facade punctuated by rows of swirling, modernistic stained-glass windows illustrating the story of creation, the acceptance of Gods law, the “life cycle” and “how human-beings should care for the earth and one another,” according to its website. Among its treasures is a “Holocaust Torah,” rescued from Czechoslovakia.
Its sanctuary can hold up to 1,250 guests.
Jeff Finkelstein, of the Jewish Federation of Greater Pittsburgh, said local synagogues have done “lots of training on things like active shooters, and weve looked at hardening facilities as much as possible.” He told WPXI that the organizations security officer has notified all JCC synagogues and that they are on modified lockdown.
“This should not be happening, period,” he told reporters at the scene. “This should not be happening in a synagogue.”
Tree of Life Rabbi Jeffrey Myers posted a column on the congregation's website in July lamenting Washington's inaction against gun violence.
"Despite continuous calls for sensible gun control and mental health care, our elected leaders in Washington knew that it would fade away in time," he wrote. "Unless there is a dramatic turnaround in the mid-term elections, I fear that the status quo will remain unchanged, and school shootings will resume. I shouldnt have to include in my daily morning prayers that God should watch over my wife and daughter, both teachers, and keep them safe. Where are our leaders?"
And just three days before the shooting, Myers noted in another column that people make time to attend funerals, but not for lifes happy occasions. He ended his column with words that now seem all too prescient.
“We value joy so much in Judaism that upon taking our leave from a funeral or a shiva house, the customary statement one makes (in Yiddish) is nor oyf simches – only for smachot,” Myers wrote. “While death is inevitable and a part of life, we still take our leave with the best possible blessing, to meet at joyous events. And so I say to you: nor oyf simches!”
Mass Shootings in the U.S. Since 1982
Single attacks in a public place in which four or more victims were killed. The data does not include shootings stemming from more conventional crimes such as robberies and gang violence. More on the data source.
Source: Mother Jones, NBC reporting
Cathie Mayers, who lives in the Point Breeze neighborhood next to Squirrel Hill, said Tree of Life is a well-known place in the area.
"If you mention Tree of Life to people in Pittsburgh, they know what youre talking about," she told NBC. "If you drive around Squirrel Hill on a Saturday, or Friday night, youre going to see people attending service."
Mayers called the shooting "surprising" and "very, very saddening," saying that "its unusual for Squirrel Hill, but this is a very, very surprising incident for Pittsburgh, especially at a place of worship."
World Jewish Congress President Ronald S. Lauder called the shooting "an attack not just on the Jewish community, but on America as a whole."
The Holocaust Memorial Museum in D.C. condemned the attack on the Tree of Life synagogue and called on "all Americans to actively work to promote social solidarity and respect the dignity of all individuals."
Trump's daughter Ivanka Trump, who converted to Judaism ahead of her marriage to Jared Kushner, tweeted: "America is stronger than the acts of a depraved bigot and anti-semite. All good Americans stand with the Jewish people to oppose acts of terror & share the horror, disgust & outrage over the massacre in Pittsburgh. We must unite against hatred & evil. God bless those affected."
Locals React to Pittsburgh Synagogue Shooting
The Council on American-Islamic Relations also condemned the "heinous and cowardly attack on a house of worship," saying in a statement, "This attack is on American values and principles of humanity, and we all need to come together to restore civilized values to our society."
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu tweeted that he was "heartbroken and appalled by the murderous attack on a Pittsburgh synagogue today. The entire people of Israel grieve with the families of the dead. We stand together with the Jewish community of Pittsburgh."
"We are incredibly saddened to hear of this morning's tragedy at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh. We send our thoughts and prayers to all those affected," the Pittsburgh Penguins tweeted.
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau tweeted that "Canadians hearts are with the Jewish community in Pittsburgh today."
This story is developing. Refresh this page for updates.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.
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